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【每日一文】双语：为什么海盗要戴眼罩？真不是因为少了只眼睛！Why did pirates wear eye patches?
（引言）电影中的海盗往往都蒙着一只眼，你可能会奇怪为什么海盗的眼睛都受伤了，实际上，戴眼罩只是为了让眼睛看得更清楚。
People may assume pirates wore eye patches just to look totally badass. But the eyewear most likely had nothing to do with a missing eye, and everything to do with being able to see—specifically, above decks and below them.
人们可能以为海盗戴眼罩只是为了看上去更像坏蛋。但是大多数海盗戴眼罩不是因为少了一只眼睛，而是为了让眼睛看得更清楚，确切地说，是在甲板上和船舱中都能看清。
1、assume /əˈsjuːm/ v. 假定，假设;臆断，想当然地认为（专升本词汇）
例句：We mustn't assume the suspects' guilt.
我们千万不能臆断犯罪嫌疑人有罪。————《剑桥英语词典》
2、patch /pætʃ/ n. 眼罩；补丁
例句：I'll have to sew a patch onto these jeans - they're ripped at the knee.
我得给这条牛仔裤打个补丁——膝盖处撕破了。 ————《剑桥英语词典》
3、deck /dek/ n. 甲板，舱面
例句：We sat on deck until it was dark.
我们在甲板上一直坐到天黑。————《剑桥英语词典》
4、below /bɪˈləʊ/ prep. 在较低处；在某平面之下；（位置）低于（专升本词汇）
例句：The author's name was printed below the title.
作者的名字登在标题之下。————《剑桥英语词典》
Jim Sheedy, a doctor of vision science and director of the Vision Performance Institute at Oregon’s Pacific University, told the Wall Street Journal that while the eyes adapt quickly when going from darkness to light, studies have shown that it can take up to 25 minutes for them to adapt when going from bright light to darkness.
美国俄勒冈州太平洋大学视力表现研究所主任、视觉科学医师吉姆·希迪告诉《华尔街日报》，从黑暗环境走入光亮环境中，眼睛会快速适应，但是研究显示，明暗切换时眼睛的适应时间最长可达25分钟。
5、vision /ˈvɪʒ.ən/ n. 幻景;幻像；眼光;远见;眼力；视力;视觉（专升本词汇）
例句：He didn't have the mental agility or vision required for a senior politician.
他缺乏一位资深政治家所应具备的敏锐头脑和眼光。——《剑桥英语词典》
6、adapt /əˈdæpt/ v. 使适应不同情况（或用途）;改动;改造;改装;改编，适应;适合（专升本词汇）
例句：The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.
小孩的长处就是能够很容易地适应新环境。————《剑桥英语词典》
7、bright /braɪt/ adj. 光明的，明亮的；乐观的;快乐的；（人）聪明的（专升本词汇）
例句：She's an excellent student with a bright future.
她是个非常优秀的学生，前途一片光明。——《剑桥英语词典》
Pirates frequently had to move above and below decks on their ships, from daylight to near darkness, and Sheedy says the smart ones “wore a patch over one eye to keep it dark-adapted outside.” When the pirate went below decks, he could switch the patch to the outdoor eye and see in the darkness easily (potentially to fight while boarding and plundering another vessel).
从早到晚，海盗需要频繁地在轮船甲板上下穿梭，希迪指出，聪明的海盗会“在一只眼睛上蒙上眼罩，让其适应黑暗”。当海盗进入甲板时，他会将眼罩移到刚才在甲板上用来看东西的那只眼睛上，从而可以很容易地看清黑暗环境中的东西。（这意味着海盗在登上另一艘船只抢劫时可以随时进入战斗状态。）
8、frequent /ˈfriː.kwənt/ adj. 频繁发生的;常见的（专升本词汇）
例句：A frequent criticism of the proposal has been its high cost.
人们频繁指责这项提案的成本过高。————《剑桥英语词典》
9、potential /pəˈten.ʃəl/ adj. 潜在的，可能的（专升本词汇）
例句：Many potential customers are waiting for a fall in prices before buying.
很多潜在的顾客都在等着降价再购买。
n. 潜力，潜能
I don't feel I'm achieving my full potential in my present job.
我觉得目前的工作没有完全发挥我的潜力。————《剑桥英语词典》
10、plunder /ˈplʌn.dər/ v. （尤指战争期间的）掠夺，抢劫，劫掠；骗取;窃取;侵吞，侵占
例句：Tragically, the graves were plundered and the contents scattered.
不幸的是，那些墓被盗，墓里的东西被弄得七零八落的。————《剑桥英语词典》
Though there are no first-person sources from history that state this as fact, there’s no question that keeping one eye dark-adapted works. MythBusters tested this hypothesis in their pirate special in 2007 and determined that it was plausible.
尽管关于这个说法在历史上没有直接佐证，但是蒙上一只眼无疑是有效的。《流言终结者》曾经在2007年的海盗特别节目中测试了这一猜想，并确定这是可行的。
11、source /sɔːs/ n. 来源，出处;发源地;起源，根源（专升本词汇）
例句：Experts are trying to track down the source of the contamination in the water supply.
专家们正试图找到水源中污染物的来源。——《剑桥英语词典》
12、determine /dɪˈtɜː.mɪn/ v. 确定，决定;影响（专升本词汇）
例句：Your health is determined in part by what you eat.
在某种程度上你的健康状况取决于你的饮食。————《剑桥英语词典》
Even the FAA recommends that “a pilot should close one eye when using a light to preserve some degree of night vision.”
就连美国联邦航空管理局也建议，“在开灯时，飞行员应该闭上一只眼来保持一定程度的夜视力”。
13、recommend /ˌrek.əˈmend/ v. 推荐，介绍;建议（专升本词汇）
例句：I can recommend the chicken in mushroom sauce - it's delicious.
我可以向您推荐蘑菇汁鸡肉——这道菜非常可口。————《剑桥英语词典》
14、pilot /məˈtɪə.ri.ə.laɪz/ n. 飞行员；（船只的）领航员（专升本词汇）
例句：The pilot had no recollection of the events leading up to the crash.
飞行员对引起坠毁的事件没有印象。————《剑桥英语词典》
15、preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护，维护；保留；保养（专升本词汇）
例句：We want to preserve the character of the town while improving the facilities.
我们想在改善市镇设施的同时保持其特色。————《剑桥英语词典》
文章转自中国日报网英语点津公众号
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4Lt9CL2pu-CNdgf-SsHndg